On road bikes I have been using 52-42-28s and 26s for decades. Sugino square taper 130-74 bcd cranksets. It is inconceivable to me that the BB of sufficient length to clear the chainstay isn't available.

Yes, if you have to push the crank out to clear the chainstay with the cogs, your chainlne will suffer. I'd say, build it up with the "proper" axle. If it hits, go just longer enough that it clears.

Ben