last winter, was riding a newly plowed paved bike trail. it was cold enough for snow AND ice. the plow didn't get everything. was really impressed with a guy on a mtb riding ahead of me. until he slipped an fell. my 1st winter I swore I would NOT get studded tires. that changed early one morning while descending a hill in traffic on a patch of black ice. I didn't go down but I turned right around & made it home safely. I wish you good luck without the studs, especially on wide tires