A tube is not going to deform a rim unless it is magically pumped to extreme pressures and the rim is of the cheapest garbage variety. Most inner tubes have stretch to them and most rims can accept a range of sizes of tires. It sounds like you were hit by a car, didn't get the bike checked out by a professional, rode it into the ground and want to blame someone not involved with that for that. The tire, the tube nor the person or online profile that sold it to you are to blame.

Also noticing you likely bought a used bike on craigslist meaning that bike could have been run into the ground as well or had other damages you wouldn't know about. In the future you should look into a new bike with warranties and such and a helmet from a good shop that you can try on and make sure it fits and know it is a safe helmet. Guessing games when it comes to your life aren't fun unless you really know what you are doing.