Search on Amazon for 'Cell phone molle" or "tactical cell phone holder"
https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_n...ll+phone+molle
You'll find a ton of little 'tactical' cell phone pouches that look like military gear. They are all cheap. Most of them are surprisingly decent quality. They have various different straps and what not for hooking them onto belts and such. Find one that looks like it's right for where you want to attach it.
I use a slightly larger bag like these as a seat tube bag because I couldn't find a bike specific bag that was exactly what I wanted. The quality is impressive for the $7 price tag I think that bag had. Hell it's impressive for a $20 price tag.
You can get little bags like this any dimensions you can think of. This one has my tools and a first aid kit in it. You can get them flat so they'll just hold a cell phone and easily clip to your backpack strap or belt.
I also use a top tube mini pannier bag for my phone. I put it behind me draped over the support arms of the rear rack. But they work great on the front of the top tube too. I even put padding in there to protect my phone.
Those you can get anywhere. Any bike shop will have a couple you can look at before buying. Amazon has about 100 different models. That's great because I can put my phone in the side I added the felt covered foam to ($2 worth of sticky felt from the craft store over old foam rubber pieces from a box.) And I put my keys, wallet, money, tissues, etc in the other side. So those things I always have with me will always have a place on the bike ready to hold them.
Search for 'top tube bags' or 'mini panniers'. Top Tube bags will have better search results but will have a bunch of smaller bags that sit on top of the tube. That has the added problem of the phone bouncing when you hit a bump and hitting the metal top tub through the bag. You want a phone case that drapes off the side of the tube or hangs from a belt/ bag strap