Yes do try them out. I'd say you're not looking at weeks or years, but probably months, or in the low thousands of miles.

I have dedicated shoes for cycling (road and mountain, always Wellgo MG-1 pinned platforms), they are a crappy old pair of running shoes I got from the salvation army. Like yours, rubber is the bottom layer of the soles, not just foam. I've been using these shoes for probably 3 years now, so 7000-8000 miles? The pins have done some damage to my soles.

Some of the rubber will get scratched and gouged and eventually torn up from where the pins are, but that doesn't really cause a problem, as the places needed for traction while walking are not quite the same as the places pins go (at least for me). Maybe you'll get some flappage (like I did a couple times now), in which case shoe goo solves the problem.

My wife (and others I know) swear by Five10 shoes, which have soles made of a rubber specially designed for pinned platforms -- in terms of traction, I'm not sure if they are also exceptional at longevity.