I think you're OK.

The tips of the fork blades on your bike are bent out slightly wider than the flat where the QR / nut would tighten down. This is know as 'lawyer lips' and is a feature of bicycle forks that's been around for ~30 years or so. This 'feature' prevents the wheel from falling out in the event a wheel nut or QR gets loose. It also makes it harder to remove / install the wheel, as you've found. Threaded axles (bolt-on) are significantly longer than Q/R axles, so you may be able to pull the wheel on and off without completely removing the nut.

Properly set up, you shouldn't be able to remove a wheel just by flipping the QR lever. If you can, it wasn't sufficiently tight to begin with. You will have to spin the 'nut' to get the wheel on and off, the lever just releases the tension in the axle assembly so you don't need tools. Depending on the shape / thickness of the drop-outs or fork tips, you may have to take the nut all the way off to get the wheel out. The rear axle on my MTB is like this, but not the front, or either of my road bikes. YMMV, there's no hard-and-fast rule to it.