A hub service would address the bulk of your concern, then a "tune & true" would address the rest. Bearings themselves are cheap. If cartridge, they press in/out easily. Or if loose, balls come in boxes by the hundreds. Unless your rim thickness has been significantly worn by friction with the brakes, I don't see why a shop couldn't get you back on the road quite easily.

You can, of course, swap in just about any ol' wheels until the prized set returns, if you're desperate.

No "upgrade" exists for $100 on a $100 wheelset. Spokes are a minimum of a buck a piece. That's a dangerously large percentage of your budget not including anything else.

Before doing wheel work, remove the tire, tube, rim tape. You can check for roundness by taping a spoke to the chainstay or brake bridge and adjusting it until it touches the rim. Plus or minus a millimeter is pretty insignificant.