Wool is good (less stinky than synthetics, better with moisture than cotton), and many brands that specialize in mid-range professional attire now offer washable wool. It's best not to put the stuff in a heated dryer cycle, but it definitely survives machine washing.

I've always found tapered or slim leg trousers better on the bike than traditional wide suit pants that feel like jammies. There's a reason that urban hipster kids back in the day always wore skinny jeans; part of it was function. With the right shoes and socks, tapered/slim leg trousers are certainly smart enough for the office.

Get thee to the Republic of Bananas. They specialize in stuff that is appropriate for work, and I believe they are having a sale.