carbon fiber construction is basically the same as fiberglass mat.carbon fibers held together by resin. the difference is the strength and weight of the fibers being held together by the resin.
any primer that works on fiberglass will work on carbon fiber.
JUST DON'T BREATH THE CARBON FIBER DUST. it can be hazardous to your health. vacuum the powder up, don't blow it away.
the outer surfaces are resin so a light sand will not be a hazard problem.