Found this video where someone decided to try different methods to "drift" their bike. One of the methods they tried (starts at 4:07 in the video) is turning the tire inside out. Looks like the tire stayed on the rim at 50 PSI, but the rough surface combined with the rough riding (skidding the tire across the pavement) caused the nylon cords to give way, causing the tube to bulge out and burst.
So, there's the answer. I don't need to do the experiment as someone else beat me to it.