I found a listing on Bike Recyclery for a vintage Chris King 1" 2Nut that looks exactly the same, so scratch the FSA Duron question. Looks like my cups are the vintage 2Nut and the top is for GripNut.

At this point... If I can repair or replace the adjusting ring, I'd have a super rare headset on my hands. Until then I have a broken headset and a few parts for a new one...