Options include:
- Handlebar bag.
- Saddle bag. Saddle bags can be the bikepacking style or the older type that have a large flap on top facing aft.
- Rear rack and a rack top bag.
- Rear rack and a stuff sack or dry bag strapped on with an elastic strap or net.
- Rear rack and one pannier.
- Rack that clamps onto your seatpost (should not be used if a carbon seatpost) and a racktop bag on that.

Or a combination of the above.

For your purposes, I think a frame bag might not be the best, as you might want to use water bottle cages on your frame.

Photo, my road bike with a Carradice Pendle saddle bag (the mount for it is homemade) and a handlebar bag. This is what I meant by the old style of saddle bag.