Mountain bike cranksets tend to have a wider q-factor. Most likely your crank arm will no longer hit the chainstays & your problem will be solved.

There are other details concerning derailleurs & derailleur capacity. But nothing that can't be worked through. The new 105 front derailleurs support full cable housing routing from shifter to derailleur if you don't have a frame mounted cable stop, for example.

How big is the cassette? With a 2x system, the cassette will likely have to be smaller than a 1x system. What is the maximum uptake of the rear derailleur? A 2x system will likely be using the full abilities the derailleur has to offer.