Your primary source for this would be the fork specification. Every fork I've ever bought comes with a spec for maximum spacer height between the top of the headset and the bottom of the stem, and sometimes with a maximum overall length (which would be spacers height + stem height).

My 1" full carbon fiber fork specified a maximum of 40mm between top of headset and stem. I've had two or three new 1 1/8 CF steerer forks and they've been 35 and 40, usually 40. I believe metal steerers have much greater maximum lengths.

If you find that the specification for the fork is inadequate for getting your handlebar high enough, get a stem with a steeper upward angle.