My road bike has bullhorns that put my hands a good 8-10 inches in front of the stem. That requires a little finesse to ride. the bike is stable but had to train myself to not pull sideways on the bars when coming out of the saddle. Almost went down the first time I rode it. No problems now.

My recumbent has the bars a good foot behind the stem.

Just modified my ebike with a stem riser and Jones H bar to get a more relaxed, upright ride. Getting old sucks. My hands sit probably an inch or so behind the steering axis.

When one thinks about it doesn't really matter where your hands are, they are still turning in a circle about the steering axis. In my experience having the bars in line with the steering axis make the bike more stable.