Pictures of the modified cranks. These are the Hussefelts on the tandem. One downside I’ve discovered is that the crank arms are short enough that they are difficult to get enough leverage to properly torque the crank arm bolts.
This is the only “before” I have of the tandem with the original 175mm cranks.
However, I did have someone take pictures of us riding and I measured my knee angle vs her angle. You can see that her leg has to fold up further when at the top of the stroke than mine does. It puts a lot of stress on her knees to do that 70 to 80 times per minute.
One of my efforts showing the finished product. I’m not very good at cutting off the excess. This one is better than some others.
This series shows the progression of the shorter cranks. The first picture is of an unmodified Specialized Sirrus 2.0 in size XXS (my wife is very tiny). I think the original boat anchor cranks were 165mm.
This is an XT Hollowtech II 165mm crank. You can see the length of the crank by how it covers the “P” on Specialized.
The bike as it sits now with cranks shortened to 140mm. You can see that the pedal hole is almost to the “S” now. The bike also sports 26” wheels instead of 700C wheels. The smaller wheels make the stand over better for her. I told you she was small

With the shorter cranks, going to smaller wheels isn’t an issue on ground clearance.