I have commuted 5 miles one way, even on a small folding bike. In fact, the difference in time would only be an additional 5 to 10 minutes compared to riding a bigger road bike.

Any bike would be suitable for a 5-mile ride, whether it's a folding bike or road bike or a hybrid bike. However, I'd advise you to get a bigger road or a hybrid bike that rides sweetly, because you might discover a newfound love for cycling and find yourself wanting to ride 20 or even 30 miles instead of just 10 miles round trip. You never know.