As an EE I suspect the overall architecture is that of a rectifier, which inherently converts a high power siinewave into a series of high power half-sine waves. In instantaneous light sensor would register the light as a lit of flickering. It does not do that because the response of the eye is not instantaneous. The flickering frequency is related to the wheel speed so flicker becomes apparent at lower wheel speed, and smoothes out as the wheel speed increases above a threshold frequency.

By assisting the system filtering improving on the natural human eye filtering frequency, nearly all of the flickering can be reduced. There is always a price for more complsx, more effective circuit design to provide more system performance, resulting in better flicker performance, but probably costing more money..

The circuit designer has many techniques avaailabl to use in a design or design improvement, especially one with knowledge of advanced power electronics. There were notes online for the design of such things, but I haven’t reviewed them for quite a while. Plus, today there should be newer options for the design improvements.