I can't offer much of a suggestion for a 5 to 7 day trip. I was there for 33 days, not counting start and end dates for travel to and from. That was in 2019. But if you have some specific questions, I might be able to help. But, things may have changed in six years.
I flew in and out of Halifax. Stayed at the HI hostel at the start and end in Halifax. There was a bike shop in Halifax, they were quite helpful with me, Cyclesmith.
My route was on the map below. The numbered spots are where I stayed overnight. Mostly camping, but I also stayed at a hostel on Cape Breton Island and one in Charlottetown, PEI.
Some of the provincial parks in NS had hike in campsites, much more secluded than the regular campsites. Photo below is one of the sites I stayed at, this was a hike in site overlooking Bay of Fundy. You can see a small tent on the far left in the photo at a distance, that was an adjacent hike in site.
Tide was out for the photo above. Tide was in for the photo below.
I was in Ontario last summer in June, and I can tell you that the provincial campgrounds generally had open sites on week days, but can be full on weekends in June. But on or after Canada Day, campsites might all be full on weekends. Weekdays after Canada Day, I can't comment on.
I like to do my trips in June when campsites are less full and fewer RVs on the roads. But June often means wetter too.
If you drive there, you have more flexibility than I had, I flew in and out of Halifax, thus that was my start and end point.
Cabot Trail is borderline food desert, not many grocery stores.
I highly recommend the Propeller Double IPA.