Originally Posted by Kontact

That appears to be the bottom half of a cartridge bearing that was reassembled upside down into the top half. Luckily it didn't do much damage to the frame or fork. The orientation you show in the last photo is the way that race and bearing retainer should have been in.

Just a stupid mechanic that didn't know what they were looking at. But you need a new lower cartridge and to get the top race of the old bearing back out.