three words that will make you happy... search: Derailleur Hanger Extender.
search it, buy it, use it... i do.

very few, if any, 9sp. derailleurs will handle an 11-46 cassette without the extender.
Microshift Advent may be one of those, but they are not the best derailleurs, IME...

there's a recent thread about those derailleurs, btw..
what derailleur is currently on the bike? it may be a short cage der, in which case you will need an MTB design derailleur that offers more "Wrap" to accommodate things.
what gearing is or will be used on the front? that figures into total Wrap too...