from what i see, the lack of adjustment range with the Paul brakes is the problem.? .. and the pivot cups shown in the top pic can be moved around to move the pads out further... put the thicker cups on the outside, thinner cups against the pads....
i'd begin by getting the pads out a bit further, then start working on those overpriced brake arms to achieve more adjustment range, if needed.
there's a lot to be said for the old
Post Mount Pads being more versatile.. but they are a pain to get set up.
Koolstop Mountain Pads might give more room...
search: Pack of 2 Pairs, Kool-Stop Mountain V-Brake Pads Threaded Post, Black and Salmon