It sounds like you need a utility bike, rather than a competition bike.
Racers can be OK, if you stick to older style, or more touring oriented one. Look for threaded eyelets on the frame for fitting a luggage rack and fenders.
You may want clearance at the frame and brakes for wider tyres. I think that 28mm is about right for a fast utility bike, but most racers are limitted to 25mm.
Clipless pedals are not needed on short-haul rides. You have to carry or store extra shoes. Toe clips and stiff-soled trail shoes are a practical and economical alternative.
Race bikes are often over-geared. A modern road-triple chainset is OK (30-40-50 teeth), but a 39/53 is for athletes riding athletically.

I use an old race/training bike with rack/fenders/lights and toe clips and low gears. It works very well and only cost me £100 used.