You could make it to the Selkirks on a credit card. But between Revelstoke and Lake Louise there's only one town -- Golden -- and little sign of civilization. That's what makes Hwy 1 such a great route.... Unless you're planning on 180km/day, i wouldn't do it without a tent. On a trip like this, i wouldn't depend on everything to go perfect, you need to carry a Plan B.
There's a Best Western at the summit of Roger's Pass, but its pricey, $150/night in the summer. They have a cafeteria and a dining room.
That said..... there's a motel just outside of Glacier NP (about 3km beyond the park border, going east) on Hwy 1. That's a good day's ride from Revelstoke.
That would be Heather Mountain Lodge, again its pricey.
There are cabins at Kinbasket lake lodge 4km off the highway and down a gravel road, about 50km from Golden.
You could make it from Golden to Lake Louise in a day, if you leave early and climb like hell.... That's the only stretch where you have no other options.
If you are travelling light and are in touring shape there should be no problem cycling Golden to Banff in a long day. Take the 1A highway between Lake Louise and Banff.
There is accomodation and food in Field at the base of the Kicking Horse Pass. Not much choice and again its likely to be expensive.
There are a couple of bungalow and cabin resorts on the 1A between L.Louise and Banff, Baker Creek bungalows, Castle Junction (youth hostel there too) and Johnson's canyon.
Keep in mind that these resorty places are expensive and likely to be booked over the summer high season, but there are lots of places for the credit card tourer to stay.
The more pertinent question is why are you riding the TCH? Its a tremendously busy road, narrow and twisty in places. Not a great cycling experience.