As others have said, how much do you want to spend? If the question is simply: is it do-able? Then the answer is certainly yes.
My version of this "portable roadie" is a heavily modified Downtube Front Suspension with SRAM X.7 shifters & cassette, FSA carbon chainring, a 140mm stem, Velocity Thracian wheels, and Schwalbe tires. I used to ride it occasionally with my weekend riding group. Only noticeable difference was in climbing, the folder was about 25 pounds, versus my 16.4 pound carbon/DA/Easton racehorse. i eventually even swapped out the front fork to save a couple of pounds. Fold was great, including suitcases. Total cost including mods: about $1,000.
close up of the drivetrain:
