If your crankset is Shimano or Shimano Hyperglide compatible (some Suntours) you probably don't have any problem right now. Shimano chainrings do not have uniform teeth. The teeth, especially on the middle chainring, are all different shapes from very tall and pointy ones to very low flat ones that do look like they are broken in half. They are designed this way to promote smoother shifting. This is probably what you are seeing. I thought the same thing when I took a good look at my chainrings after just a few hundred miles.

To answer your question, yes, you can put a larger big ring on with a few more teeth. HOWEVER, you can run into a capacity problem. Front derailleurs can handle a certain range of difference between the size of the smallest ring and the largest ring. You can also run into problems if there is too much difference between two adjacent chainrings. The rule of thumb I have heard was a 12-tooth difference (say your 34 middle and a 46 outer), but in practice 14 will usually work fine but in your case you would need to be aware of the possible max your der will handle. Your LBS would be the best advisor on this.