The style of brake is call a "U Brake" like this:



If you can find some road bike brakes that use that shape, you can definitely make it work.

The trick is to use ONE cable and:
- Run it from LEVER 1 down to one side of the brake
- ACROSS to the other side of the brake
- The back up to LEVER 2
- The cable will have a cover except when it's between the brake levers.