Yes, I'll admit, I can be delicious with the right sauce.

1. Yes.
2. Either way, not much difference, protein digestion is slow.
3+4. Depends on many factors, but carbs will increase adipose faster than protein if you are not doing any work.

Typical NA diets are high in carbs, which is ok if one is very active, you need carbs. But if one is sedentary, then carbs go right to the ass. Increasing protein:carbs ratio is good if your diet is aiming at overall decrease in calories, without increasing work.

Muscle fiber protein is made up of amino acids, like all other proteins. Humans ingest proteins, break it down to 20 building blocks of amino acids, and use those blocks as required to build and repair muscle.
We need carbs as fuel, if we are riding the carbs are burned immediately, if not, they are converted to adipose (fat).

But, you also need carbs after a workout (notice that your guads are warm even hours after a ride?), rebuilding requires the building blocks and the bricklayers (the carbs). If you have more muscle mass, it's like idling a 425 cubic inch V8 versus a Yugo, you use more carbs even without working much.

There are quick carbs (sugar), burned immediately and quickly, and complex carbs (pasta), which can make up important reserves up to 12 hours after eating.

Before: complex carbs
During: simple and complex (for long rides)
After: complex and protein.

But we are not just carbs and proteins! A balanced diet gives us the rest of the stuff we cannot make, like lipids, vitamins, minerals, etc.