Well, the Phil hub probably has 42.5mm between the cog and the centerline of the hub/bike, so you want a chainring that is the same distance from the center of the bottom bracket. Unfortunately, your Trek frame has wide-ass chainstays that were designed to have a smaller inner ring. You'll never be able to fit a bigger ring there and maintain the chainline if you can't now. Your two options are to somehow respace the hub to the right and redish the wheel, which seems like a pretty terrible idea to me, or to just buy a smaller cog if you want a bigger gear ratio.
Welcome to the great and terrible world of road conversions.