Perhaps you did "over do" it, and seely is right, the change in height could have affected your position and riding style enough to give you this soreness.

However, you should really consider going to a reputable bike shop with a "Fit Cycle" that will help determine where exactly the cleat should be attached to your shoe. This does not only figure its fore-aft relation to the shoe/pedal contact point, but also any toe-in or out (angle in/out) that your pedaling motion demands. It might seem as though it is too much to spend to fix, but its better than seeing an orthopedic surgeon five years from now.

One last point: Are you using floating or fixed cleats? To be safe, try the floating, or, if your pedals are adjustable, start off with the most float possible on your pedal system. Good luck, and don't get hurt!