You'll need to get 'touring shoes' Lake, Cannondale, Shimano all make them I believe. MTB shoes don't give the cleats the clearence needed. I've got 2 pairs of C'dales I bought 10 years ago. Don't know the model name, but they're beige, burgandy and black oxford style w/a velcro strap over the laces. Great shoes and you can walk around in them w/o a click at all. The reason I bought them was exactly the reason you're talking about...the Mtb shoes I've got(old Specialized Rockhoppers) are like 'soft soled' lace-up road shoes. And, yes they'll tear up linoleum and other floors...as my wife will attest.

Congrats on going clipless and your story was achingly familiar...to all of us, I'm sure. I fell once on Swords road in Dublin("the busiest fookin' road in all of Ireland!", according to my 'pub partner' later that evening) w/full touring kit, including front and rear bags...I unclipped on the right while riding on the left hand side of the road...nasty spill requiring iodine and guaze from my first aid kit. If you've never been to Ireland take a cab into town instead of trying to ride in from the airport...much safer.

Clipless is the Best. Shimano PD520s are the cheapest/best value in dual sided. Wouldn't recommend road pedals for urban as they can be a b***h to clip in and out of while in traffic. Have fun!