I had a similar issue with a worn chainring, which ran very roughly and noisily when I replaced my worn 8-speed chain with new one, also 8-speed. Replacing the chainring solved the problem.
Also, I BELIEVE a 9-speed chain's inner link faces are closer together than those of an 8-speed chain. If so, this would increase chain-to-cog and possibly chain-to-chainring scraping.
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"Far and away the best prize that life offers is the chance to work hard at work worth doing." --Theodore Roosevelt
Capo: 1959 Modell Campagnolo, S/N 40324; 1960 Sieger (2), S/N 42624, 42597
Carlton: 1962 Franco Suisse, S/N K7911
Peugeot: 1970 UO-8, S/N 0010468
Bianchi: 1982 Campione d'Italia, S/N 1.M9914
Schwinn: 1988 Project KOM-10, S/N F804069