Short version: the guy should apologize to you but in such a way as to not offer anything (in other words, you should not expect anything except some civil sounding words). However, circumstances are mitigated by your ignorance of the situation (i.e. that it's 2 to go).
Long version:
First of all, you should know when it's 2 to go. If you don't then you cannot adjust your riding for the obviously aggressive things which will happen. At 30 minutes to go it's a lot more laid back so you don't worry about it, but at 2 to go you should absolutely know what's happening. Figure out how to know it's 2 to go - stay to one side or another, have a timer on your watch count down 50 minutes (my inexpensive Timex HR watch has a count down feature), do something to make sure you realize when it's down to the nitty gritty. That's 90% of the battle right there.
In a race or even a group ride situation, you're not responsible for the other rider's costs. It's a risk both you and the other rider take as soon as you go on such a ride/race. At a pro level, if team Crasher takes out team Crashee, Crasher is not expected to pay damages. Crashee goes back to home base and licks its wounds.
Now common decency, to me, says one should own up to your move, legit or not. Maybe give an apology or "Dude, sorry about moving over on you, I didn't realize you were there" kind of thing. That's non-committal but shows one knew what happened and accepts appropriate responsibility.
In this case, race or no race, it seems the guy in front of you made a mistake. He should not have moved over unprovoked (meaning to avoid a crash or because someone leaned on him etc, not just because it's near the end) so aggressively. Now, if you'd just started to "move up a bit" because everyone was going bonkers, and he moved over thinking you were 18 inches further back, then fault is partially neutralized (because maybe he checked, you were clear, he moved over, but you weren't clear anymore in that 1/4 second it took for him to move over - but then I still think he should have been aware of you).
The person in front does *not* automatically have a carte blanche to act like a moron just because he's in front. Does that mean that as soon as I pass someone 1/2 way that I can swerve over or slam on my brakes for no reason? No. That's a moronic and a**holic move. People do it and cite their cardinal rule "Dude, if I'm in front, I can do whatever I want". Yeah, until they're the rider in back. Then suddenly it's not really fair anymore when they get taken out because of some other moron's move. If you're in front, ride in such a way that if you were the guy in back, you'd think it was fair.
You move only if you are 99% certain there will be no contact. The exception is when you're dealing with self preservation.
It's like passing on a highway. You may cut it close, even really close, but I'd hope you'd never move over, unprovoked, on a highway knowing you'll contact the vehicle next to you. If that's how you drive, okay, I understand that's how you race (and I hope that karma catches up to you before the law does). But if you don't regularly bash the car/truck next to you on the highway, there's no excuse for regularly bashing the guy/gal next to you racing.
Having said all that, your front wheel and your bars are sacred. It's like racing with your privates out there. You don't let anyone you don't trust touch them. And if you let someone touch them (i.e. you are intentionally too close to someone), you should know it's going to happen AND you should know how to react to such a situation. You should drill/practice such situations before you consider yourself fluent enough to "react" correctly. This means doing wheel touching and rider bumping drills.
Because I feel strongly about the rule of No Contact, if someone tries to shove me out the way, I refuse to budge, just on principle. I've gotten pretty hard leans/pushes/etc for a good 5-10 seconds, and even if the situation of the race was such that letting the idiot by wouldn't affect anything, I've refused to let the idiot past. They'll typically say something like "WTF" etc but hey, if they start shoving first and talking second, I'm not going anywhere.
Because I've done extensive drills involving wheel touching and rider bumping, I feel very confident in my bike handling skills. This allows me to take a "no move" position.
If, at a tactically inert moment, they said "left" or even politely ask me if they can "get out" etc, then I'd move a bit to the right. Ask and ye shall receive. Usually I'll give them *just* enough room that if they felt it incredibly important to move up, they could, but if they felt it was risky, they wouldn't. If they still consider me to be blocking the "lane", I'll wave my hand like "move past me, come on". Either they go or they don't but I won't do too much more.
If it's an extremely important tactical moment (like, say, 500 meters to go), nothing will move me out of the way except a crash. But at that point I can't recall more than one incident where someone was pushing me to move me out of the way, and we actually laughed over that huge shove afterwards.
At this point, in your situation, it's done. Race is over, week is done, incident is closed. Not forgotten, just closed. Keep your eye out for that other guy - if he regularly acts like a moron, then you should pipe up, either to him if he's a senior member of the team or to a senior member of the team. A new rider who rides like that probably won't listen to pretty much anyone anyway, but if their mentor says "dude, you've been riding kind of dangerously - I saw you move into some guy's wheel a couple weeks back" then the rider can learn without going on the defensive or blaming you for being "found out" that he's a moron.
Of course it might be that the senior rider thinks that shoving and all that is fine. In that case I'd talk to the rider in question (they may be the same person). And if that rider in question doesn't want to listen to you, then you can definitively categorize him as a jerk and ride appropriately when you're around him (i.e. hyper defensive and not budging). Become one of the guys who is hard to shove around and he'll ply his trade elsewhere. Usually such riders only go for weakness and they aren't as comfortable when dealing with someone who actually pushes back.
Yeah, I think contact racers are morons and idiots,
cdr