On frame geometry and bikes that might suit your needs, I suggest you have a look at Dave Mann's Bike Geometry Project. Personally, I think you can find great value in mid-80s Japanese bikes. Just about all of the Japanese manufacturers had a model or three that had the geometry for going fast but also delivered a reasonably comfortable ride. I have a mid-80s Univega Competizione on which I can barely fit 700 x 25mm tires, but it rides like a dream.

Neal