Oddly enough, I just fixed a bike with this exact problem. Your photos even look identical to the situation. I pulled the cranks out and unthreaded the remains of the fixed cup out by simply finding a purchase spot on the part of the cup inside the shell, and using the flat of a screwdriver and a hammer to remove (unthread) the threaded portion of the cup. Tap tap tap, just slowly rotating the cup remains out of the shell. As long as the threads are okay, you shouldn't have a problem.
Wasn't a particularly hard job. The owner of the bike was greatly relieved, as the "best" of our hideous lot of LBSs wanted fifty bucks to even look at the bike and (a minimum of) one-twenty five to repair it. They also tried to sell him a new bike. I ordered him a new sealed BB, total cost to him, twenty bucks. I'll never send anyone to that LBS again, which means there are now exactly zero shops I'd recommned for service.
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