1. In sunny conditions (my favorite bicycling weather), almost any camera can take excellent web-quality photos. High-end cameras will give you better low-light or big-print images, but for bike ride photos, a pocket camera is usually fine. Even the camera's full-auto point-and-shoot mode is usually fine on a sunny day.
2. How you hold the camera makes a big difference. A lot of people hold the camera with their finger tips and an out-stretched arm and then wonder why their images are blurry.
3. Composition matters a lot if you want an eye-catching photo. Whole books have been written about this. If you are illiterate, at least look at a lot of other people's photos to try to figure out what kinds of compositions you like. A picture can be worth 1000 words, but only if your composition is interesting enough. And remember that composition is equal parts moving the camera (high, low, closer, farther) and framing the scene.