Welcome!
What you propose is much more difficult than you might think. Your current brake/shifting combo would not be compatible for the following reasons...
Time trial handlebars use friction shifters, which you would have to buy.
TT/road bikes have a different type of brakes (not just brake handles) than your hybrid, so you'd have to replace the actual brakes plus the braking devices.
It's possible, but expensive and difficult if you do it yourself - with lots of labor cost if you have your LBS do it.
You'd be better off buying a road bike and sticking some aero bars on it, IMO.