It looks like it's actually oxidized now...either that or the stuff hasn't been completely cleaned off and is still all over your drivetrain.

I've used that stuff before to clean engines and it's got some pretty bad stuff in it that probably isn't safe for carbon. I'm pretty sure it's not safe for any plastics/rubbers, think it says on the can to cover any vacuum lines or wires. If you sprayed this on the derailleur pulleys I'd check them out to make sure they didn't melt or deform.

I prefer acetone when my drivetrain needs a good cleaning. If the drivetrain isn't filthy I'll just put a bit of lube and wipe the chain down, usually weekly.