While the alloy composition of many expensive tubing sets is stronger on a per ounce basis, the issue of durability (against abuse) has to do with more than just composition and tempering.

Reynolds 531 is a weaker alloy than 853 or 953. The durability issue that comes into play is the draw of the tubing. 531 tubes are thicker walled than 853/953. You're less likely to dent a 531 or even 4130 frame by leaning it hard against a railing than if you did the same with a bike built with 953 tubing because of how thin the draw of 953 is.

While a 953 bike is going to be light and strong and unlikely to suffer damage during routine riding, it's not designed to take the punishment that say, a courier bike will get from consistent harsh lockups.

(I don't know comparisons between brands, so I can't help ya with Tange and Columbus tube sets.)