I will usually start with a hose and just quickly spray off the chain. I follow with citrus solvent (water compatible) in the scrubber. I usually clean till there is no visible gunk showing on the chain, especially between the sideplates where the teeth go. Usually one through the machine is enough. Being water soluble you need to dry things off before applying lube.

That will be a very clean appearing chain. But I also agree with those that say that solvent cleaning tends to drive dirt into the innards of the chain.

All that said, I inevitably accept the fact that a chain begins wearing out from day one, especially in harsh conditions like MTB and commuting in inclement weather. I just resolve myself to the fact that I'll be replacing the chain sooner or later, when measurement or actual breakage dictates. Like I said before, they are like 20 bucks (Ok, maybe thirty for 10 speed).

Just accept periodic replacement.