- Paper towels & Simple Green, and chainlube. That's it.
This is good enough for all non-disassembly cleaning tasks, and can be done quickly enough that you can do it with no problem after virtually every ride.
For deep cleans, you'll have to start taking some stuff off, and it gets a bit more complicated. Still, if you do the minimal above often, you'll have to do a deep clean only a few times a year for optimal performance. Plus, you'll always be riding a hot-looking bike.