Originally Posted by CB HI

^
Just kidding. Those are extra pads. If you bought a helmet that was actually too large, you can put the over size pads in and it makes the helmet sit on your head better. Can also be used as replacement pads when the originals wear out.

Originally Posted by BarracksSi

Since nobody's answering yet...

The padding that's already in the helmet -- leave it there. It's basically Velcroed in -- you can remove it (carefully, so you don't also remove the "hook" pads that hold it in) and wash it out if it gets really grimy.

The four small pads are for customizing the fit. For the last helmet I used them with, I felt around for places where there was more of a gap between my scalp and the helmet, then used the pads to fill those gaps. They ended up relieving a pressure point on the very top of my head, and it was definitely more comfortable.

I haven't used such pads on any helmet I've bought since, but for that one, it worked well.