It should work, but you may have to chase the threads in the shell. This can be problematic, since few shops seem to have French BB taps these days. If you're near NE Wisconsin I could do it.

Depending on which Campy BB set you have, you might run into problems using the old cups with the Campy spindle. Super/Nuovo Record bottom brackets have thick cups with rifling in the spindle hole to help eject grit; the spindle used with these cups is therefore narrower between the races than most others. Older Record and Gran Sport cups are thin and the spindles used with them ought to work for you with the old Peugeot cups.