Carbon nano tubes in bicycle construction is quite simple. Typical composite const. is epoxy bonding together large carbon fibres. They add carbon powder composed of carbon nanotube dust to the epoxy resin before layup. This fills the gaps between the structural fibres with carbon reinforced epoxy resin. Low tech but very effective at increasing laminate stiffness.

Ten years ago I had the pleasure of watching my friends 90' carbon mast being layed up for his racing sailboat.

It was done by Ted Van Dusen Racing Sailboats in Mass. He did the design/engineering and fabrication. Ted has one of the few weaving/braiding machines in the States.

It is only useful for making tubes, hence the BMC red lego lugs. They start with an aluminum mandrel tube section(ie a baseball bat). The braiding machine is threaded with a large spool of unidirectional carbon fibre. The machine starts at one end and braids a sock of carbon around the aluminum mandrel. If you want more reinforcement it slows down and adds more fibre at programmed locations. It is ideal for tapering.(On the mast they add extra fibre at the spreader location which are huge point loads). They then take the whole layup and transfer it to an autoclave(high temp & pressure). The aluminum grows in diameter as it is heated. The epoxy is allowed to hardened. Then the layup is cooled. The aluminum shrinks and you can slide the carbon tube off of the mandrel.

Very slick technology....