Santa gave me a new TS-2 for christmas last year, its got the caliper thing I'm talking about and it was perfectly centered out of the box. I have a gauge shaped like a big "T" that came with my Minoura True Pro that lets you check if the caliper is centered on the stand.

Spoke tension depends on the rim, and to a degree the hub. Look at the rim specs and see what its max recommended tension is, and you can get those same specs for the hub but in most cases the hub's upper limit is much higher than the rim so you generally don't need to be concerned with it. From what I understand optimal tension is somwhere between 100 and 120 Kgf....at least that's what I use on all my wheels. Just check the Rim spec and make sure that isn't too much for your rim, and honestly if it is you should probably be using better rims.

When you say 15-16 and 19-20 I assume you mean the number on a Park Tension gauge. You use the little chart that comes with the tension gauge to determine what number you want to see on your Park Gauge. Look up your spoke size on the chart and it will tell you what Park Gauge numbers correspond to what Kgf value for that size spoke. For 14ga Double butted spokes 19-20 is about right I think. You're doing it right Colonel....you want the Tensions even on both sides of the Front wheel and the NDS tension on the rear wheel to be about the same as the front, the DS tension will always be a bit lower because of the dish....unless you're building a symmetrical rear wheel (like an IGH or Single Speed) or working with a rim with an offset spoke bed.