I had the same thoughts. Without a power meter, the number is meaningless in that it may be higher or lower. 200 watts is some cyclists z1/z2. It is not that much power. During a 500 meter time trial, I start greater than 1000 watts and decay to 500 watts as measured by a power tap wheel and I am breathing hard but not gasping. After the effort, I breathe really hard and gasp a little.

What is missing is the science vis a vis cycling performance. I get the low carb part and the benefits. What I do not understand is what happens when the muscle glycogen is very low and there is a max 30 seconds to 2 minute effort. As I understand muscle contraction, the ATP CP cycle fires first and lasts for 10 seconds. That is followed by glycogen conversion to ATP in the absence of oxygen. The result is the production of lactate. In a short period of time, lactate overloads the system and fatigue and lack of oxygen cause the rider to reduce power to recover and gasp for air.

In the ketosis example, what happens when there is no or little glycogen and the ATP CP cycle is over and full muscle contraction required? What is the mechanism and the byproduct? How does fat get converted to ATP in the absence of oxygen? I would like to see an energy balance and biochemical chart on this. Even though converting glycogen to ATP requires more oxygen, maybe more ATP is made per unit of O2 with glycogen than with fat. An energy balance will show that.

One thing I am sure of. Professional athletes with do anything legal and illegal to get an advantage and do not take into account long term damage to their body. So if this works, we will see pro athletes embracing it including hockey, basketball, football, soccer and cycling. The list is will be long.