If you don't have access to a coach, I would recommend you start reading - look online for topics about "cycling training periodization"

A few online results

http://www.bikeradar.com/fitness/art...routine-22232/
http://www.livestrong.com/article/13...tion-training/

If you really want to look into training methodology - I'd look to see if either "Theory and Methodology of Training - the key to Athletic performance" by Tudor O. Bompa and "Periodization Training For Sports" also by Bompa and Michael Carrera have been translated into Polish.