A very interesting question presented in the spirit of intellectual inquiry. Thus, there will be a limited, but enthusiastic, audience.

There are too many variables to speak specifically, but we can hypothesize.

Forget about magic. It's about the right fit, wheels, components, etc for the individual rider.

Given that, let's look at frames.

I can tell the difference between the gross stiffness of various frames. The stiffiest bike I have ever ridden is my 1987 Cannondale Criterium (and I love the ride). It is grossly over engineered and, maybe, the stiffest production bike ever built. My second stiffest is my 1998 Litespeed Ultimate. Stiffest steel bike I have ridden was a 1986 Team Miyata. How can I determine stiffest? Actually, a variety of ways. For example, you are riding on a major arterial and coming up to an intersection with another arterial. The light has turned green and the driver in the opposite turning lane sees you and is waiting. In order to save your life and be polite, put the pedal to the metal. Does it take off like a rocket?