I normally wear sandals most of the year. As the temperature gets chilly to cold, naturally I'll wear socks with them. I'm good in my Louis Garneau Stop tech shoe covers down to about 25f. Below that, I switch to the LL Bean Snow sneakers. They fit in my toe clips good. Those are good to about 5f with two pair of socks on. I've had those for seven years. Lower than that I break out the heavy duty NEOS Explorer overshoes. I don't know what their limit is because I haven't reached it yet. But the snow sneakers fit inside them and stay toasty in the negative digits. People in Alaska use them when its 20 or 30 below outside. So I know they work. My coldest was -14f.