Only thing I have to add is that experience is a factor. A company like Campagnolo(just as an example) has been building/designing hubs/spokes/rims for a long time now. Tough to argue that knowledge. Of course, a smart company can do research & copy certain ideas/theories... If you want an example
, I had an early set of Zipp 404's. The rear hub was crap. Poor design. I destroyed & rebuilt it a few times before just flat giving up on it. Replaced the hub & it gave me some great miles.